2023-11-30
How To Reduce Damage To Hydraulic Cylinders
The power mechanism comprises a fuel tank, a high-pressure pump, a low-pressure control system, an electric motor, and various pressure valves and directional valves.
The structure of a hydraulic cylinder can be divided into three parts: the cylinder bottom, the flange, and the middle thick-walled cylinder. The working cylinder of a hydraulic press is subjected to heavy loads and frequent operation, which can lead to premature damage if the design, manufacturing, or usage is improper.
Commonly, the damaged areas of the hydraulic cylinder are the arc part where the flange connects to the cylinder wall, followed by the arc part where the cylinder wall transitions to the bottom of the cylinder. Some cracks may also occur in the cylinder wall, and severe cavitation can cause damage as well. Typically, the damage occurs after the hydraulic cylinder has withstood a high number of working loads, resulting in fatigue damage. Several factors can affect the service life of hydraulic cylinders, and they should be analyzed based on specific situations. However, the following aspects are generally considered:
Cylinder wall: Cracks usually form on the inner wall and gradually propagate outward. The cracks are often distributed longitudinally or at an angle of 40 degrees with the cylinder wall busbar.
Flange part: Row lines appear on the outer surface of the flange transition arc, gradually expanding in the circumferential direction and toward the inner wall. In some cases, cracks may expand to the nail holes, causing partial flange detachment. Severe cases may result in circular cracks and complete flange detachment along the transition arc.
Cylinder bottom: Circumferential cracks start on the inner surface of the bottom transition arc and gradually expand to the outer wall, potentially cracking through.
Cavitation: Hydraulic cylinders can also suffer from honeycomb pitting caused by cavitation, which tends to occur on the inner wall of the entry hole.
Design considerations: Unreasonable structural dimensions, such as a too-small flange height or an excessively large flange outer diameter, can lead to excessive integrated loads and subsequent damage.
Careful analysis of these factors is necessary to ensure the proper design, manufacturing, and usage of hydraulic cylinders, thereby maximizing their working life and minimizing the risk of premature failures.
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